Goddess Durga
Goddess Durga, a central figure in Hindu mythology, is indeed the embodiment of Shakti, the primeval energy. She is venerated as a symbol of strength and the divine force that combats evil and demonic forces. Her depiction as a beautiful woman is not just about physical beauty but also represents the inner strength and purity.
The jatamukuta, or matted headgear, signifies her ascetic aspect and her connection with Lord Shiva, who is also depicted with matted locks. Seated in lalitasana, a relaxed pose, she conveys a sense of grace and control, even in the face of adversity. The sword (khadga) and shield are not merely weapons but symbols of her ability to protect righteousness and fight injustice.
The citron fruit she holds is indeed a symbol of fertility, protection, abundance, and healing, reflecting the nurturing aspect of the goddess. It is a reminder that the divine mother not only destroys evil but also promotes the well-being and prosperity of her devotees.
The varada mudra, or boon-giving gesture, is a powerful symbol of her role as a benevolent mother who bestows blessings, compassion, charity, and forgiveness upon her children. This gesture reassures the devotees of her protective presence and her willingness to grant wishes and relieve suffering.
In addition to these attributes, goddess durga is often depicted with multiple arms, each carrying a different weapon, signifying her many abilities and readiness to combat challenges from all directions12. Her mount, the lion or tiger, represents power, will, and determination, further emphasizing her role as a protector3. The divine wrath of Durga is seen as liberating for the oppressed and empowering for creation1.
Durga’s iconography is a profound reminder of the balance between the nurturing and the fierce, the creative and the destructive, and the tranquil and the turbulent aspects of the cosmos. Her form and symbolism in Indian sculptures are not just artistic expressions but are deeply rooted in the spiritual and philosophical traditions of Hinduism45. Her presence in art and worship continues to inspire strength, courage, and devotion among her followers.
